Crushing machine



CFIUSHING MACHINE Filed June 1o, 1955 fame?? for 0.30m 6. Grue/ader,

.Patented Aug. 3L 1937 Y.

UN-ITED STATES "PATENT OFFICE 2` anims. (ci: 8f3-14o) Thisinvention relates to gyratory Crushers and is particularly applicable to gyratory ,or cone `Crushers' made in `general'accordance with the disclosure of Patent 1,537,564, and operating according to the process claimed in Patent 1,537,565, l

both granted to Edgar 'B. Symons' onMay. 12, 1925.1r It isv not limited,- however, to .use with such -structureor method as it may be employed with Crushers differing inform and in'mode of opera tion, such as the .so-calle'dold4` linev gyratory Crushers. One purpose of the inventionis to comfpensate for` wear at the upper portion of the vbowl `liner and mantle of a-crusher; Another object is the provisioniofmeans `for preventing material nipped. between the liner. and mantle from being irown or pinched outwardly. Another object is l the provision of meansfor `preventing any head of leed above the crushing cavityfrom penetratinginto the crushing cavity at such a rate yor in D such volume as to interfere with the-desired crushing operation. Another object is the provision of an opposed bowl `liner and mantle in which the upper orinlet end fof, the `crushing cavity defined thereby `is so shaped that the angle between the opposed parts is ,reduced to within the angle of nip. y -U Y, y

Other objects willappear from time to .time'in the course ofthe specification and-claims.` v

I illustrate my invention more or less diagrammatical-ly in the accompanyingidrawing, whereifi-'- 2 Figure 1 is a vertical axial section through a Crusher having a bowlliner and a mantle in position, madein accordance with my invention; and Figure 2 is an axial section through one side of the crushing. cavity, illustrating the bowl liner and mantle `in sectionand-.to asomewhat enlarged scale as compared-to tliescale of Figure 1; and

Figure 3 is a similar section through a modification.v y `1` .Y

Like parts are indicated by like symbols throughout the specication and drawing.

Referring to the drawing, l indicates a portion of the base frame of the device, the details of the frame being not of themselves part of the present invention'. 2 represents a portion of an eccentric which is provided with an inner bushing 3, conforming to thedownwardly taperedshaft 4. It will be understood that any suitable means may be employed for causing rotation of the eccentrically apertured sleeve 2 whereby the shaft 4, which seats in the eccentric aperture has imparted to it a gyratory movement. The shaft 4 ing surface 6 which co-acts with a babbitted or suitably anti-frictional bearing l which may be vsupported `on any suitablesupportor casting which is supported on the base frame I of the machine. Y K f Suitable 'guards 9 and l0 serve to prevent the escape of oil and the exclusion. of dust, and cooperate with the outer skirt llfor this purpose. l

l2 indicatesany suitable oil sump.

"2D .is a conical mantle mounted on the crushing head or cone 5. This mantle includes a generally conic inner surface 2l and a generallyconic outer surface 22. At theupper edge of the outer surface 22 there is provided an enlargement or expansion 23 ofthe mantle which terminates in v.the concave conic upper edge surface 24. vAny suitable means maybe employed for holding the mantle'ZU in position, forexample, a nut 25 and any suitable* means forforcing said nut downi wardly against the conic surface 24, to which the lowerrsurface 26 of the nut conforms. 28 is any suitable feed limitingplate or member positione upon the upper end of the shaft 4. -1 i 30 vindicates a spider having an inwardly conic surface 3l lwhich conforms generally to the outer `conicsiirface 33 of the mantle .or bowlliner 32. It will be understood that the spider 3|) is mounted many suitable fashion upon the base l, preferably with a yielding release. Inasmuch as these featuresof the device donot o-f themselves form any part'of the present invention they are not illustrated herein. It will be understood, `however, that the present liner and mantle are apshown in Edgar B. Symons Patent 11,920,488, issued on August l, 1933.v The bowl liner 32-is shown herein as with aigenerally conic inner surface 34 opposed to and upwardly diverging voutwardly from the outer surface 22 of the mantle plicable, for example, to a structure such as is hopper herein shown as mounted upon the conic spider 30.

In observing the cross-sectionof the crushing cavity defined by the opposed mantle 20 and the bowl liner 32 it will be seen that the main portion of the crushing cavity is defined by opposed walls 22 and 34 which nare or deilect away from each other from bottom to top of the crushing cavity. The addition, however, of the opposed enlargements 23 and 35 causes a decrease in the distance separating the opposed crushing surfaces, at the upper portion or neck of the crushing cavity. One result of this decrease, taken in connection with the contour of the opposed parts is a reduction of the angle between the opposed parts to well less than the angle of nip. In other words, a stone gripped between the opposed portions of the members 23 and 35 will not be pinched or thrown upwardly out of the cavity, but will actually be crushed where the upper opening of the crushing cavity is widely ilared. The angle of the opposed crushing surfaces may become such that a boulder, particularly a rounded stone of hard material, will not be crushed, but will be nipped or pinched and thrown upwardly out of the crushing cavity. Sometimes hard rounded rocks, colloquially called "nigger heads may be pinched out of the crushing cavity and thrown into the air at great velocity, causing actual danger to the men working about the machine. This pinching of rocks interferes with the normal crushing and increases the wear on the opposed crushing parts. If the rock fragments are caused to slide across the surfaces of the opposed crushing members, the result is a scratching abrasive wearing action which is much more marked and damaging than the wear upon the opposed faces when therock is actually compressed and breaks. Itis as if the material being crushed were actually planing across the wearing surfaces and this abrasive action is the prime reason for the heavy wear caused when the material can be nipped out through the upper opening of the crushing-cavity. Once the material near the upper edge of the ordinary flared top bowl liner wears away, the angle between the opposed liner and mantle immediately becomes wider, and the chance for material to slip or be wedged back toward the feed or entrance end becomes aggravated and wear is increased and crushing efciency is di minished.

The above described mantle 20 and liner 32 have their upper ends or edges so shaped that the angle between the opposed parts 23 and 35 is reduced well within the angle of nip. Furthermore, as a supplemental advantage, the very thickening of the metal at the top of the liner and mantle increases the period during which the opposed crushing members can be used, as it increases the time which elapses before the upper edges of the two wearing parts are so worn down that replacement is necessary.

The dotted lines in Figure 2 indicate more or less diagrammatically the direction of wear. The dotted line a indicates the form of a worn liner where the portion 35 is omitted. The line b indicates the wear of a liner vci. the shape shown in Figure 2 in which the portion 35 is employed.

In, other words, there is a great reduction in waste and in length ot wearing time, in addition to an improvement in crushing effort.

Prevailingly, applicant controls his feed by employment of the above described feed plate 2l but under some circumstances the hopper 40 may be illled with material. In such case, the relatively close approach of the members 23 and 35 serves as a supplemental feed limiting means of value, which prevents a choking of the larger cavity below.

It Will be realized that whereas I have described and shown a practical and operative device, nevertheless many changes might be made in the size, shape, number and disposition of parts without departing from the spirit of my invention. I therefore wish my description and drawing to be taken as in a broad sense illustrative and diagrammatic rather than as limiting me to my speciilc showing.

I claim:

1. In combination, a bowl liner and a mantle for a gyratory crusher, the liner and mantle both being generally conic and having opposed generally conical surfaces, the liner overhanging the mantle, the liner and mantle being provided adjacent their upper edges with opposed thickened portions of convex curvilinear axial cross section. said opposed portions defining an angle of nip adapted to prevent upward escape oi particles nipped therebetween, said liner and mantle and the thickened portions defining a cavity which increases substantially in diametrical thickness from the bottom upwardly toward an intermediate zone of maximum separation, and from the top downwardly toward the same intermediate zone., the top of the crushing zone being thereby provided with a zone of restriction adapted to prevent unintended upward movement of the particles from said zone of maximum separation.

2. In combination, a bowl liner and a mantle for a gyratory crusher, the liner and mantle both being generally conic and having opposed generally conical surfaces, the liner overhanging the mantle, the liner and mantle being provided adjacent their upper edges with opposed thickened portions of curvilinear axial cross section,. said opposed portions defining an angle of nip adapted to prevent upward escape of particles nipped therebetween, said liner and mantle and the thickened portions defining a cavity which increases substantially in diametrical thickness from the bottom upwardly toward an intermediate zone of maximum separation, and from the top downwardly toward the same intermediate zone, the top of the crushing zone being thereby provided with a zone of restriction adapted to prevent unintended upward movement of the particles from said zone of maximum separation.

OSCAR C. GRUENDER. 

